Black Lion Research Incinderine
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Black Lion Research Incinderine
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Novel GLP-1 Agonist
Incinderine is a potent dual GLP-1/GIP agonist with combined DPP-4 inhibition. This will be further explained in the writeup but there are multiple mechanisms of action with complex interactions. It cashes out as Incinderine being one of the most powerful fat burners on the market.
MYRICETIN CYCLODEXTRIN COMPLEX:
Myricetin is a member of the flavonoid class of polyphenolic compounds, with antioxidant properties. Common dietary sources include vegetables, fruits, nuts, berries, tea, and red wine. Myricetin is structurally similar to fisetin, luteolin, and quercetin and is reported to have many of the same functions as these other members of the flavonol class of flavonoids. Myrecetin is an exceptionally potent flavonoid with a host of beneficial effects on health but for our purposes we are specifically concerned with its ability to help us lose bodyfat.
Myricetin is a POTENT GLP-1 agonist comparable in strength and effects to the prescriprion GLP-1 agonist Liraglutide (REF 1.) And showed more potent effects on insulin and fat loss than injected GLP-1.
QUOTE"the rats injected with myricetin exhibited better glucose tolerance in this single-dose injection experiment than those treated with GLP-1. The treatment with myricetin resulted in blood glucose levels that were main-tained at 7.5–8.5 mM over 8 h, and these results were similar to those after liraglutide administration. Additionally, myricetin seemed to exhibit a similar glucoregulatory duration(0–8 h), which suggests that myricetin might possess a half-life similar to that of liraglutide (11.3 h) "
It would appear that Myricetin is an exceptionally potent GLP-1 agonist, as effective as prescription drugs of this type and more potent than GLP-1 itself at managing insulin but there is more.
DPP-4
Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4) is a glycoprotein, which is ubiquitously expressed on the surface of a variety of cells. This exopeptidase selectively cleaves N-terminal (Peptide Bond) dipeptides from a variety of substrates, including cytokines, growth factors, neuropeptides, and the incretin hormones. Expression of DPP4 is substantially dysregulated in a variety of disease states including inflammation, cancer, obesity, and diabetes. Since the incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), are major regulators of post-prandial insulin secretion, inhibition of DPP4 by the gliptin family of drugs has gained considerable interest for the therapy of type 2 diabetics. DPP-4 inhibitors prevent the N-terminal cleavage and the destruction of the Incretins GLP-1 and GIP. Myricetin is a potent DPP-4 inhibitor so on top of its ability to increase the secretion of GLP-1 it also prevents its destruction which is part of why Myricetin is shown to be more powerful than GLP-1 itself.
GIP
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (more commonly known earlier as gastric inhibitory polypeptide or gastric inhibitory peptide), abbreviated as GIP, is an inhibiting hormone of the secretin family of hormones. While it is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, its main role, being an incretin, is to stimulate insulin secretion. Recently the pharamaceutical industry has been working hard to improve on the already extremely effective GLP-1 agonist. In 2022 Eli Lily announced the next generation of these far burning drugs with Mountjaro. The first Combination GLP-1 and GIP agonist. This combination has been shown to decrease weight by significantly more than semaglutide and other GLP-1 agonists.
Weight reduction: 11.2 kg (24.7 lb., Mounjaro 15 mg), 6.9 kg (15.2 lb., injectable semaglutide 1 mg) and 0 kg (placebo), p<0.001
Fat mass reduction: 9.7 kg (21.4 lb., Mounjaro 15 mg) and 5.9 kg (13.0 lb., injectable semaglutide 1 mg), p=0.002
Keep in mind neither of these drugs have the added DDP-4 inhibitor so we have even more power in Incinderine.
ok so we have Massive potential as a GLP-1 and GIP inhibitor coupled with DPP-4 inhibition but thats just the beginning.
Myricetin also increases insulin sensitivity which further accentuates the weight loss potential of the previously discussed mechanisms as GLP-1 agonists. GIP agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors all help boost insulin.
Myricetin also activates BAT (brown adipose tissue AKA brown fat) and Beige Fat by upregulating thermogenic protein expression and activating mitochondrial biogenesis, eventually increasing heat dissipation and calorie expenditure. This is exceptionally important for those of us looking to burn body fat. In order to demonstrate why we need a bit of education regarding the different types of fat.
There are different types of fat in your body. Each type is identified by its color and function, including:
White fat: This is the type of fat we want to get rid of.
Most of the fat in your body is white fat. White fat stores energy in various places around your body. White fat insulates your organs. Too much white fat leads to obesity.
Brown fat: This is the type we want.
Brown fat is smaller than white fat. It stores energy and burns that energy to regulate your body temperature. Brown fat helps you burn calories by creating heat right before your body starts to shiver (thermogenesis). It also helps regulate sugar (glucose) and fat metabolism.
Beige fat: This type is also beneficial because it is basically white fat preparing to convert to the brown fat.
Beige fat is a combination of white and brown fat cells. These cells burn calories to regulate body temperature by converting white fat cells to brown.
Converting our white fat to brown fat is massively important to getting super us shredded. Brown fat is not fat like we would think of it. Its an absolute lean physique shredding powerhouse that instead of storing the calories we eat it burns them off like a furnace. So we want as much of this as possible. Increasing the conversion rate of white fat to beige and brown causes the body utilize excess calories and burn them off vs storing them.
For the sake of brevity I will just quickly mention some additional benefits.
Myricetin is a relatively potent aromatase inhibitor and the reduction in estrogen will assist in reducing bodyfat and water retention. Myricetin is a PDE inhibitor, reduces LDL and my favorite, increases the release of endorphins which really helps push through when you are training to failure and dieting. It also has a host of antiaging and general health benefits.
Myricetin has one drawback....it has a roughly 10% oral bioavailability. Studies indicate that complexing myricetin with specific cylodextrins can increase oral bioavailability by 900%. So our Myricetin cyclo complex is 900% more potent than plain myricetin and Incinderine also employs Biox which increases bioavailability and reduces metabolism in vivo even further.
REF
1. Myricetin: a potent approach for the treatment of type2 diabetes as a natural class B GPCR agonist
Myricetin-induced brown adipose tissue activation prevents obesity and insulin resistance in db/db mice - European Journal of Nutrition
Purpose Myricetin, a dietary flavonoid, is effective in the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance by increasing glucose transport and lipogenesis in adipocyte and diminishing systemic inflammation in obesity. However, it has not been revealed yet whether myricetin is associated with brown... 3. Anti-hyperglycemic activity of myricetin, through inhibition of DPP-4 and enhanced GLP-1 levels, is attenuated by co-ingestion with lectin-rich proteinAnti-hyperglycemic activity of myricetin, through inhibition of DPP-4 and enhanced GLP-1 levels, is attenuated by co-ingestion with lectin-rich protein
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a proteolytic enzyme responsible for the rapid degradation of Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) that is required for the secretion of insulin. DPP-4 also influences activation of node like receptor family, pyrin domain ... 4. Myricetin attenuates hyperinsulinemia-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cellsMyricetin attenuates hyperinsulinemia-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells - European Food Research and Technology
Previous studies have shown that hyperinsulinemia is not only a marker of insulin resistance, but also the causative factor of peripheral tissue insulin resistance. It also has been suggested that prolonged high-dose insulin treatment can mimic the effects of hyperinsulinemia and exacerbate...
OLEANOLIC ACID PHOSPHOLIPID COMPLEX
Oleanolic acid is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid related to betulinic acid. It is widely distributed in food and plants where it exists as a free acid or as an aglycone of triterpenoid saponins. Oleanolic acid is an interesting fat burner that shares some of its effects with other triterpenoids like ursolic acid. For example oleanolic acid is a Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) agonist. An interesting finding for TGR5 is its role in energy metabolism. The discovery of TGR5 expression in brown adipocyte tissues (BATs) and the recent demonstration of BAT in adult human body suggest a potential approach to combat obesity by targeting TGR5 to increase thermogenesis. Endogenous TGR5, regulates glucose metabolism. In animals, TGR5 activation by a chemical agonist leads to an increase in GLP-1 which helps Oleanolic acid work together with Myricetin for GLP-1 receptor modulation.
Oleanolic acid treated obese mice exhibited a decrease in body, liver, and visceral adipose tissue weights. Oleanolic acid treatment improved glucose tolerance, insulin level, plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations.
Oleanolic acid increases the mRNA encoding of CD36, a fat taste receptor, in taste bud cells. This gives us a preference toward fatty foods vs sugary ones which is preferential for fat loss. Expression of CD36 is regulated at both the transcriptional and posttranslational levels, but regulation differs among different cell types. Similar to many other genes involved in lipid metabolism, CD36 expression in fat and muscle is upregulated by the nuclear hormone transcription factor PPAR-ɣ. Studies have indicated that CD36 links extracellular signals to intracellular fatty acid metabolism and redox metabolism in both innate and adaptive immune cells, impacting their fate and activation. Similar mechanisms operate in hematopoietic stem cells and tumor initiating cancer stem cells where CD36 expression promotes and maintains “stemness” by sensing extracellular ligands, including oxidized phospholipids, and by facilitating fatty acid uptake from surrounding adipose tissues to fuel fatty acid oxidation. The laymens version of this is CD36 reduces craving for sugar, increases fat metabolism and helps increase the uptake of adipose tissue specifically to be utilized for fuel. This is also part of how we see the increase in brown fat from Oleanolic acid.
Oleanolic acid also influences the expression of mRNA encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and some lipogenic genes (PPARα, SREBP1, FAS, ChREBP, and G6Pase) in liver and adipose tissue. These are well known fat burning pathways that help contribute to the fat burning effects of this powerful ingredient. Its also very effective at reducing Reactive oxygen species which helps prevent DNA and RNA damage. In addition Oleanolic acid shows protective benefits against mitochondrial damage and activates macrophages to assist with boosting the immune systems response to exercise, helps to repair muscle faster after training and increases mineral bone density.
Unfortunately Oleanolic acid has very poor oral bioavailability with its absolute bioavailability to be approximately .7%. Not 7%... .7%. This makes it basically inert orally so we had to modify it to make it orally bioavailable. Not all compounds are suitable for all methods. Oleanolic acid tends to have a very poor bond with cyclodextrins so we opted for phospholipid complex which significantly increases bioavailability, and, Incinderine employs our bioavailability complex BioX which gives additional potency. There is no oleanolic acid product available that works this well period.
REF
1. Oleanolic acid improves diet-induced obesity by modulating fat preference and inflammation in mice
Oleanolic acid improves diet-induced obesity by modulating fat preference and inflammation in mice - PubMed
Obesity, triggered by high-fat diet (HFD), is associated to altered gustatory perception of dietary lipids. Oleanolic acid (OLA), a triterpene, has been reported to exert anti-obesity effects in animal models. Hence, we investigated the role of OLA in the modulation of oro-sensory perception of... 2. Oleanolic Acid Improves Obesity-Related Inflammation and Insulin Resistance by Regulating Macrophages ActivationOleanolic Acid Improves Obesity-Related Inflammation and Insulin Resistance by Regulating Macrophages Activation
The chronic low-grade inflammation of adipose tissues, primarily mediated by adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs), is the key pathogenic link between obesity and metabolic disorders. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural triterpenoid possessing anti-diabetic ... 3. Potential Protective Effect of Oleanolic Acid on the Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic ReviewPotential Protective Effect of Oleanolic Acid on the Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review
The high prevalence of obesity is a serious public health problem in today’s world. Both obesity and insulin resistance favor the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is associated with a number of pathologies, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. This... 4. Effects of oleanolic acid on the insulin signaling pathway in skeletal muscle of streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Sprague-Dawley ratshttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1753-0407.122605. CD36, a signaling receptor and fatty acid transporter that regulates immune cell metabolism and fatehttps://rupress.org/jem/article/219/6/e20211314/213166/CD36-a-signaling-receptor-and-fatty-acid
BERBERINE CYCLODEXTRIN COMPLEX
Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid with a long history of use in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine for the management of various health conditions. Its potent ability to reduce blood sugar rivals that of some anti-diabetic drugs.Berberine is known to improve glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, but it poorly absorbed into the blood stream from the gut.
GLP-1 release
Previous studies revealed that berberine-mediated GLP-1 secretion was a possible mechanism for berberine exerting good effects on hyperglycemia. The activation of (TAS2 receptors) bitter taste receptor by berberine causes the release of GLP-1. In addition Berberine increases mitochondrial function in L-cells within the epithelial layer of the intestine mucosa and increased secretion of GLP-1 in the gut.
DPP-4 Inhibition
Berberine was investigated as an inhibitor of human dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) in an attempt to explain its anti-hyperglycemic activities. The investigation included simulated docking experiments to fit berberine within the binding pocket of DPP IV. Berberine was found to readily fit within the binding pocket. Findings suggest that DPP IV inhibition is, at least, one of the mechanisms that explain the anti-hyperglycemic activity of berberine. The fact that berberine was recently reported to potently inhibit the pro-diabetic target human protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (h-PTP 1B) discloses a novel dual natural h-PTP 1B/DPP IV inhibitor. Berberine also increased the potency of the DPP-4 inhibitor drug sitagliptin.
PTP1B inhibition
Inhibition of PTP1B has been shown to cause fat specific weight loss. The ability to lose fat without also catabolizing skeletal muscle is extremely important for those of us who value our hard earned muscle tissue. Inhibition of PTP1B enhances leptin and insulin sensitivity, represses hunger, and increases browning of adipose tissue, to decrease adiposity and improve glucose metabolism. Berberine is a potent PTP1B inhbitor and has been shown in studies mimic the actions of insulin by increasing glucose uptake ability by 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myocytes in an insulin-independent manner, inhibiting phosphatase activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), and increasing phosphorylation of IR, IRS1 and Akt in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The insulin mimetic actions of Berberine work in tandem with the insuling release from Myricetin and Oleanolic acid by increasing the actions of insulin released though GLP-1 agonism, GIP agonism and DPP-4 inhibition. The triple threat makes this natural trio in Incinderine the most potent orally active fat burner of its kind.
REFS
1. Berberine induces GLP-1 secretion through activation of bitter taste receptor pathways
Berberine induces GLP-1 secretion through activation of bitter taste receptor pathways
Our previous studies revealed that berberine-mediated GLP-1 secretion was a possible mechanism for berberine exerting good effects on hyperglycemia. T…2. Restoration of GLP-1 secretion by Berberine is associated with protection of colon enterocytes from mitochondrial overheating in diet-induced obese mice
Restoration of GLP-1 secretion by Berberine is associated with protection of colon enterocytes from mitochondrial overheating in diet-induced obese mice
L-cell dysfunction is reported for GLP-1 reduction in type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanism of dysfunction remains unknown. In this study, we examined mitochondrial function in the mechanistic study in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice.C57BL/6 mice were ...3. Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) is one of the mechanisms explaining the hypoglycemic effect of berberine
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/147563608026107614. The therapeutic effects of berberine plus sitagliptin in a rat model of fatty liver disease
The therapeutic effects of berberine plus sitagliptin in a rat model of fatty liver disease
Fatty liver disease (FLD) is a disorder related to accumulation of excess fat within the hepatocytes. In this study, the effects of Berberine, a natural compound, and Sitagliptin as a DPP-4 inhibitor, were observed in a rat model of FLD.Forty male rats ...5. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124719310526
Intranasal Targeting of Hypothalamic PTP1B and TCPTP Reinstates Leptin and Insulin Sensitivity and Promotes Weight Loss in Obesity
6. Berberine inhibits PTP1B activity and mimics insulin action
Berberine inhibits PTP1B activity and mimics insulin action - PubMed
Type 2 diabetes patients show defects in insulin signal transduction that include lack of insulin receptor, decrease in insulin stimulated receptor tyrosine kinase activity and receptor-mediated phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (IRSs). A small molecule that could target insulin...PYRO-6
6-paradol, is a major vanilloid with desireable sports nutrition properties such as fat burning and performance enhancement. 6-Paradol is related to gingerol, shogoal and other gingerols commonly found in grains of paradise and ginger extracts among others. 6 paradol, however appears to be doing most of the heavy listing with regards to fat loss. One study found that 6-paradol decreased body weight gain, visceral and subcutaneous fats in 2 weeks, whereas 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol had no effect. Additionally, 6-paradol suppresses the hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride and significantly decreases the gene expression related to fatty acid synthesis, lipid transportation, and adipocyte differentiation in both liver and adipose tissue. 6-paradol increases energy expenditure reduces visceral fat and the visceral fat to subcutaneaous fat ratio. In addition 6-paradol increases activation of BAT (brown adiopose tissue) and increases calorie burning, even while at rest. This makes 6-paradol a perfect companion to MIRAGLUTIDE the BLR GLP-1 agonist complex as it potently increases brown fat activation. 6-paradol has been shown to activate AMPK even at rest which mimics the fat burning effects of exercise, and, decreases the inflammatory agents and damage caused by fat storage. 6-paradol helps to reduce fatigue while training while increasing endurance making it a perfect addition to Incinderine. Ginger extracts and grains of paradise extracts contain 6-paradol but mostly shogoal and gingerols and even then the 6-paradol is only 12.5% max in the available extracts and one newer paradol extract is 2%!. PYRO-6 is pure 6- paradol without all the additional compounds and filler and used at much higher doses.
REFS
1. 6-Paradol Acts as a Potential Anti-obesity Vanilloid from Grains of Paradise
6-Paradol Acts as a Potential Anti-obesity Vanilloid from Grains of Paradise - PubMed
These results suggest that 6-paradol regulates several obesity-related genes in an AMPK-independent manner. Therefore, it could be the principal active vanilloid in GOP giving it anti-obesity properties with a different mechanism. 2. Aframomum melegueta Seed Extract with Standardized Content of 6-Paradol Reduces Visceral Fat and Enhances Energy Expenditure in Overweight Adults – A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical StudyAframomum melegueta Seed Extract with Standardized Content of 6-Paradol Reduces Visceral Fat and Enhances Energy Expenditure in Overweight Adults – A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study
Aframomum melegueta (grains of paradise) seeds have been demonstrated to possess thermogenic potential. However, it is necessary to validate the functional attributes of A. melegueta seed extract in human subjects.In a double-blind, placebo-controlled ... 3. 6-Paradol and 6-Shogaol, the Pungent Compounds of Ginger, Promote Glucose Utilization in Adipocytes and Myotubes, and 6-Paradol Reduces Blood Glucose in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice6-Paradol and 6-Shogaol, the Pungent Compounds of Ginger, Promote Glucose Utilization in Adipocytes and Myotubes, and 6-Paradol Reduces Blood Glucose in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice
The anti-diabetic activity of ginger powder (Zingiber officinale) has been recently promoted, with the recommendation to be included as one of the dietary supplements for diabetic patients. However, previous studies presented different results, which may be caused by degradation and metabolic...STEAROYL VANILLYLAMIDE
Stearoyl Vanillylamide is one of the most well-known forms of capsaicin analogues. Unlike other types under the same category, Stearoyl Vanillylamide is unique as it is non-pungent or does not have the “spicy” character of red pepper. Generally, just like other capsaicin analogues, the compound works by enhancing the release of adrenaline and noradrenaline. These hormones are necessary for the activation of various sympathetic bodily responses such as metabolism. As an effect, Stearoyl Vanillylamide helps promote burning of brown fats in the adipose tissues or subcutaneous fat stores.Adipose fats are found in various areas in the body including the arms, thighs, abdomen and gluteus. While most individuals can easily get rid of fats in other areas, burning abdominal fats is generally more difficult and is the last fat to go just before visceral fat. Studies have shown that Stearoyl Vanillylamide, at proper doses, can help break down fats specifically located in the abdomen. This is made possible by the activation of TRPV1, an enzyme which prevents adipogenesis and fat formation in the abdomen.
Some studies suggest that Stearoyl Vanillylamide may be effective in reducing inflammation through the activation of TRPV1 and the release of adrenaline hormones. Increased epinephrine and norepinephrine levels in the body readily boost the function of the immune system, resulting to faster would healing and inflammation control.
Along with the effects of adrenaline hormone activation, scientists believe that Stearoyl Vanillylamide helps enhance energy levels as a result of fat breakdown.
Unlike most compounds that increase adrenaline and noradrenaline Stearoyl Vanillylamide may actually reduce blood pressure by increasing peripheral vasodilation. This helps offset the rise in blood pressure seen with dehydration and beta agonism.
Synephrine, BITTER ORANGE EXTRACT is an alkaloid, occurring naturally in some plants and animals, and also in approved drugs products as its m-substituted analog known as neo-synephrine. p-Synephrine (or formerly Sympatol and oxedrine and m-synephrine are known for their longer acting adrenergic effects compared to epinephrine and norepinephrine. Isopropylnorsynephrine is another derivative that is an exceptionally potent beta agonist and lipolytic agent providing nearly 60% of the fat loss potential of the prototypical β-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline.
The weight loss observed in consumers of extracts of Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) has been tentatively attributed to the lipolytic and thermogenic effects of the alkaloids abundant in the unripe fruit. Synephrine, octopamine, tyramine, and other alkaloids have been repeatedly identified and quantified in Citrus members of the Rutaceae family.
One study aimed at comparing the acute lipolytic activity of synephrine, octopamine, tyramine, and N-methyltyramine and other alkaloids in human adipocytes. Maximal response to the prototypical β-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline was taken as reference in both species. In rat, octopamine was slightly more active than synephrine while tyramine and N-methyl tyramine did not stimulate lipolysis. Tyramine and N-methyl tyramine induced only 20% of the maximal lipolysis and exhibited antilipolytic properties. Synephrine and octopamine were stimulatory at proper doses. Since synephrine is more abundant than octopamine in C. aurantium, it should be the main responsible for the putative lipolytic action of the extracts. Noteworthy, their common isopropyl derivative, isopropylnorsynephrine (also named isopropyloctopamine or betaphrine), is clearly lipolytic: active at 1 μg/ml and reproducing more than 60% of isoprenaline maximal effect in human adipocytes. This compound has few reported adverse effects to date and is an exceptionally effective lypolytic agent. Our bitter orange extract is exceptional as we target specific components within the plant that are not widely utilized.
